How to prevent lithium battery fires?

Lithium-ion battery manufacturers are prone to combustion or explosion during the processes of filling, formation, aging, storage, and waste battery treatment due to lack of safety management and inadequate risk prevention measures. In particular, if a large number of lithium-ion batteries and waste lithium-ion batteries are stored together in an irregular manner, it may cause the lithium-ion batteries to burn or explode, which is extremely destructive.

Lithium-ion battery is an energy-containing component, which is mainly composed of positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte and diaphragm. After charging, the positive electrode is generally a transition metal oxide, which has strong oxidizing properties; the negative electrode is graphite with a large amount of lithium embedded inside, which has strong reducing properties. The electrolyte is generally an organic ester, which has the characteristics of low melting point and flammability.

The potential safety hazards of lithium batteries come specifically from the flammable organic electrolyte inside, which will spontaneously combust once exposed to air.

When a lithium-ion battery is overcharged or charged with an inappropriate charger, the lithium ions in the lithium-ion battery cannot be properly embedded in the negative electrode, and the lithium ions are precipitated as metallic lithium, producing dendrite lithium like nails, which pierce the insulating membrane between the positive and negative electrodes. When the positive and negative electrodes are short-circuited, too much heat accumulates inside the battery, triggering a chain chemical reaction, which then causes combustion and explosion.

When a lithium battery catches fire, pouring water from a basin or using a dry powder fire extinguisher or sand cannot stop it from continuing to burn or explode. The fire will only go out after the thermal runaway reaction ends. The so-called "thermal runaway" is a series of self-accelerated chemical reactions of various materials in lithium batteries at high temperatures, which makes thermal runaway irreversible.

The only effective method is: a lot of water. A lot of water can not only extinguish the open fire, but also soak the battery core to cool it down and reduce its ability to continue to react.

ZOYET battery safety storage box：

The box is made of 5mm high-quality carbon steel, and the closing part is equipped with high-quality fireproof rubber strips to ensure the fire resistance and sealing of the box. Heavy-duty universal casters are installed at the bottom of the box, and the casters can bear a load of up to 1T. There is a forklift slot at the bottom to facilitate forklift transportation.

Fireproof sealing strip: Fireproof sealing strip is installed at the door gap to ensure the fireproof and sealing properties of the box.

Pressure relief port: A pressure relief port is set on the top to ensure that the pressure generated by the burning of batteries in the cabinet will not pose a safety threat.

Liquid level gauge: The box is equipped with a liquid level gauge, which can effectively observe the internal liquid level height.

External water source: There is a water inlet on the top of the box to connect to an external water source and inject water into the interior to cool the battery. There is a water outlet at the bottom to manually open the valve to release the liquid in the box.

Thermometer: The box is equipped with a temperature display, which can effectively observe the temperature inside the cabinet. The temperature range is 0~800 degrees Celsius.

Universal casters: Heavy-duty load-bearing universal casters are installed at the bottom of the box, and each caster can bear 1000kg.